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The National Rosacea Society designates April as Rosacea Awareness Month. The month is designated to educate the public on the impact of this chronic and widespread facial disorder. Rosacea affects more than 16 million Americans.
The earliest signs of rosacea are often overlooked because people assume they are temporary and will go away. But, unfortunately, without medical treatment the effects of rosacea often persist. And they become increasingly severe.
The goal of Rosacea Awareness Month is to spread public education about this disease so that more people who may have rosacea seek medical help before it gets worse. And, in addition, so those whose lives are affected find greater public acceptance and understanding.
Rosacea is a long-term inflammatory skin condition that causes reddened skin and a rash. It is usually on the nose and cheeks. It may also cause eye problems. The symptoms typically come and go. Many people report that certain factors, such as spending time in the sun or experiencing emotional stress, bring on the symptoms.
There is no cure for rosacea, but treatment can keep it under control. The choice of treatment will depend on the symptoms, and usually includes a combination of self-help measures and medications.
Anyone can get rosacea, but it is more common among these groups:
People with a family history of rosacea may be at increased risk of the condition. More research is needed to understand the role played by genetics.
Most people only experience some of the symptoms of rosacea, and the pattern of symptoms varies among individuals. While the condition is chronic (long lasting), rosacea often cycles between flare-ups and periods of remission (lack of symptoms).
Sometimes rosacea follows a progression, going from temporary flushing of the nose and cheeks, to longer lasting flushing, Then to changes to the appearance of a rash and small blood vessels beneath the skin. If left untreated, the skin may thicken and enlarge, leading to firm, red bumps, especially on the nose.
The condition usually affects the center of the face, but in rare cases it can extend to other parts of the body. These include the sides of the face, ears, neck, scalp, and chest. There are different types of rosacea.
Scientists do not know what causes rosacea, but there are a number of theories. They know that inflammation contributes to some of the key symptoms, such as skin redness and rash. But they do not fully understand why inflammation occurs. It may be due, in part, to the heightened skin sensitivity in people with rosacea, to environmental stressors, such as ultraviolet (UV) light. Or, to microbes that inhabit the skin. Both genetic and environmental (non-genetic) factors likely play a role in the development of rosacea.